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 * ORACLE PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 *
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package java.sql;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * An object that represents a precompiled SQL statement.
 * <P>A SQL statement is precompiled and stored in a
 * <code>PreparedStatement</code> object. This object can then be used to
 * efficiently execute this statement multiple times.
 *
 * <P><B>Note:</B> The setter methods (<code>setShort</code>, <code>setString</code>,
 * and so on) for setting IN parameter values
 * must specify types that are compatible with the defined SQL type of
 * the input parameter. For instance, if the IN parameter has SQL type
 * <code>INTEGER</code>, then the method <code>setInt</code> should be used.
 *
 * <p>If arbitrary parameter type conversions are required, the method
 * <code>setObject</code> should be used with a target SQL type.
 * <P>
 * In the following example of setting a parameter, <code>con</code> represents
 * an active connection:
 * <PRE>
 * PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("UPDATE EMPLOYEES
 * SET SALARY = ? WHERE ID = ?");
 * pstmt.setBigDecimal(1, 153833.00)
 * pstmt.setInt(2, 110592)
 * </PRE>
 *
 * @see Connection#prepareStatement
 * @see ResultSet
 */

public interface PreparedStatement extends Statement {

  /**
   * Executes the SQL query in this <code>PreparedStatement</code> object
   * and returns the <code>ResultSet</code> object generated by the query.
   *
   * @return a <code>ResultSet</code> object that contains the data produced by the query; never
   * <code>null</code>
   * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or the SQL statement does not return a <code>ResultSet</code>
   * object
   * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was
   * specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout} method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to
   * cancel the currently running {@code Statement}
   */
  ResultSet executeQuery() throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Executes the SQL statement in this <code>PreparedStatement</code> object, which must be an SQL
   * Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
   * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, such as a DDL statement.
   *
   * @return either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements or (2) 0
   * for SQL statements that return nothing
   * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or the SQL statement returns a <code>ResultSet</code> object
   * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was
   * specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout} method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to
   * cancel the currently running {@code Statement}
   */
  int executeUpdate() throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to SQL <code>NULL</code>.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> You must specify the parameter's SQL type.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param sqlType the SQL type code defined in <code>java.sql.Types</code>
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if <code>sqlType</code> is a <code>ARRAY</code>,
   * <code>BLOB</code>, <code>CLOB</code>, <code>DATALINK</code>, <code>JAVA_OBJECT</code>,
   * <code>NCHAR</code>, <code>NCLOB</code>, <code>NVARCHAR</code>, <code>LONGNVARCHAR</code>,
   * <code>REF</code>, <code>ROWID</code>, <code>SQLXML</code> or  <code>STRUCT</code> data type and
   * the JDBC driver does not support this data type
   */
  void setNull(int parameterIndex, int sqlType) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>boolean</code> value.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>BIT</code> or <code>BOOLEAN</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setBoolean(int parameterIndex, boolean x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>byte</code> value.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>TINYINT</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setByte(int parameterIndex, byte x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>short</code> value.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>SMALLINT</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setShort(int parameterIndex, short x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>int</code> value.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>INTEGER</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setInt(int parameterIndex, int x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>long</code> value.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>BIGINT</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setLong(int parameterIndex, long x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>float</code> value.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>REAL</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setFloat(int parameterIndex, float x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>double</code> value.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>DOUBLE</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setDouble(int parameterIndex, double x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.math.BigDecimal</code> value.
   * The driver converts this to an SQL <code>NUMERIC</code> value when
   * it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setBigDecimal(int parameterIndex, BigDecimal x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>String</code> value.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>VARCHAR</code> or <code>LONGVARCHAR</code> value
   * (depending on the argument's
   * size relative to the driver's limits on <code>VARCHAR</code> values)
   * when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setString(int parameterIndex, String x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java array of bytes.  The driver converts
   * this to an SQL <code>VARBINARY</code> or <code>LONGVARBINARY</code>
   * (depending on the argument's size relative to the driver's limits on
   * <code>VARBINARY</code> values) when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setBytes(int parameterIndex, byte x[]) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Date</code> value
   * using the default time zone of the virtual machine that is running
   * the application.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>DATE</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setDate(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Date x)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Time</code> value.
   * The driver converts this
   * to an SQL <code>TIME</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setTime(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Time x)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Timestamp</code> value.
   * The driver
   * converts this to an SQL <code>TIMESTAMP</code> value when it sends it to the
   * database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Timestamp x)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have
   * the specified number of bytes.
   * When a very large ASCII value is input to a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.InputStream</code>. Data will be read from the stream
   * as needed until end-of-file is reached.  The JDBC driver will
   * do any necessary conversion from ASCII to the database char format.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the Java input stream that contains the ASCII parameter value
   * @param length the number of bytes in the stream
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setAsciiStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x, int length)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which
   * will have the specified number of bytes.
   *
   * When a very large Unicode value is input to a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.InputStream</code> object. The data will be read from the
   * stream as needed until end-of-file is reached.  The JDBC driver will
   * do any necessary conversion from Unicode to the database char format.
   *
   * The byte format of the Unicode stream must be a Java UTF-8, as defined in the
   * Java Virtual Machine Specification.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x a <code>java.io.InputStream</code> object that contains the Unicode parameter value
   * @param length the number of bytes in the stream
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @deprecated Use {@code setCharacterStream}
   */
  @Deprecated
  void setUnicodeStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x,
      int length) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have
   * the specified number of bytes.
   * When a very large binary value is input to a <code>LONGVARBINARY</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.InputStream</code> object. The data will be read from the
   * stream as needed until end-of-file is reached.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the java input stream which contains the binary parameter value
   * @param length the number of bytes in the stream
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void setBinaryStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x,
      int length) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Clears the current parameter values immediately.
   * <P>In general, parameter values remain in force for repeated use of a
   * statement. Setting a parameter value automatically clears its
   * previous value.  However, in some cases it is useful to immediately
   * release the resources used by the current parameter values; this can
   * be done by calling the method <code>clearParameters</code>.
   *
   * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   */
  void clearParameters() throws SQLException;

  //----------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Advanced features:

  /**
   * Sets the value of the designated parameter with the given object.
   *
   * This method is similar to {@link #setObject(int parameterIndex,
   * Object x, int targetSqlType, int scaleOrLength)},
   * except that it assumes a scale of zero.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the object containing the input parameter value
   * @param targetSqlType the SQL type (as defined in java.sql.Types) to be sent to the database
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * PreparedStatement
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support the specified
   * targetSqlType
   * @see Types
   */
  void setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x, int targetSqlType)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * <p>Sets the value of the designated parameter using the given object.
   *
   * <p>The JDBC specification specifies a standard mapping from
   * Java <code>Object</code> types to SQL types.  The given argument
   * will be converted to the corresponding SQL type before being
   * sent to the database.
   *
   * <p>Note that this method may be used to pass datatabase-
   * specific abstract data types, by using a driver-specific Java
   * type.
   *
   * If the object is of a class implementing the interface <code>SQLData</code>,
   * the JDBC driver should call the method <code>SQLData.writeSQL</code>
   * to write it to the SQL data stream.
   * If, on the other hand, the object is of a class implementing
   * <code>Ref</code>, <code>Blob</code>, <code>Clob</code>,  <code>NClob</code>,
   * <code>Struct</code>, <code>java.net.URL</code>, <code>RowId</code>, <code>SQLXML</code>
   * or <code>Array</code>, the driver should pass it to the database as a
   * value of the corresponding SQL type.
   * <P>
   * <b>Note:</b> Not all databases allow for a non-typed Null to be sent to
   * the backend. For maximum portability, the <code>setNull</code> or the
   * <code>setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x, int sqlType)</code>
   * method should be used
   * instead of <code>setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x)</code>.
   * <p>
   * <b>Note:</b> This method throws an exception if there is an ambiguity, for example, if the
   * object is of a class implementing more than one of the interfaces named above.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the object containing the input parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or the type of the given object is ambiguous
   */
  void setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Executes the SQL statement in this <code>PreparedStatement</code> object,
   * which may be any kind of SQL statement.
   * Some prepared statements return multiple results; the <code>execute</code>
   * method handles these complex statements as well as the simpler
   * form of statements handled by the methods <code>executeQuery</code>
   * and <code>executeUpdate</code>.
   * <P>
   * The <code>execute</code> method returns a <code>boolean</code> to
   * indicate the form of the first result.  You must call either the method
   * <code>getResultSet</code> or <code>getUpdateCount</code>
   * to retrieve the result; you must call <code>getMoreResults</code> to
   * move to any subsequent result(s).
   *
   * @return <code>true</code> if the first result is a <code>ResultSet</code> object;
   * <code>false</code> if the first result is an update count or there is no result
   * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or an argument is supplied to this method
   * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was
   * specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout} method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to
   * cancel the currently running {@code Statement}
   * @see Statement#execute
   * @see Statement#getResultSet
   * @see Statement#getUpdateCount
   * @see Statement#getMoreResults
   */
  boolean execute() throws SQLException;

  //--------------------------JDBC 2.0-----------------------------

  /**
   * Adds a set of parameters to this <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * object's batch of commands.
   *
   * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @see Statement#addBatch
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void addBatch() throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>Reader</code>
   * object, which is the given number of characters long.
   * When a very large UNICODE value is input to a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.Reader</code> object. The data will be read from the stream
   * as needed until end-of-file is reached.  The JDBC driver will
   * do any necessary conversion from UNICODE to the database char format.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param reader the <code>java.io.Reader</code> object that contains the Unicode data
   * @param length the number of characters in the stream
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void setCharacterStream(int parameterIndex,
      java.io.Reader reader,
      int length) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given
   * <code>REF(&lt;structured-type&gt;)</code> value.
   * The driver converts this to an SQL <code>REF</code> value when it
   * sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x an SQL <code>REF</code> value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void setRef(int parameterIndex, Ref x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Blob</code> object.
   * The driver converts this to an SQL <code>BLOB</code> value when it
   * sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x a <code>Blob</code> object that maps an SQL <code>BLOB</code> value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void setBlob(int parameterIndex, Blob x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Clob</code> object.
   * The driver converts this to an SQL <code>CLOB</code> value when it
   * sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x a <code>Clob</code> object that maps an SQL <code>CLOB</code> value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void setClob(int parameterIndex, Clob x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Array</code> object.
   * The driver converts this to an SQL <code>ARRAY</code> value when it
   * sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x an <code>Array</code> object that maps an SQL <code>ARRAY</code> value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void setArray(int parameterIndex, Array x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Retrieves a <code>ResultSetMetaData</code> object that contains
   * information about the columns of the <code>ResultSet</code> object
   * that will be returned when this <code>PreparedStatement</code> object
   * is executed.
   * <P>
   * Because a <code>PreparedStatement</code> object is precompiled, it is
   * possible to know about the <code>ResultSet</code> object that it will
   * return without having to execute it.  Consequently, it is possible
   * to invoke the method <code>getMetaData</code> on a
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> object rather than waiting to execute
   * it and then invoking the <code>ResultSet.getMetaData</code> method
   * on the <code>ResultSet</code> object that is returned.
   * <P>
   * <B>NOTE:</B> Using this method may be expensive for some drivers due
   * to the lack of underlying DBMS support.
   *
   * @return the description of a <code>ResultSet</code> object's columns or <code>null</code> if
   * the driver cannot return a <code>ResultSetMetaData</code> object
   * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.2
   */
  ResultSetMetaData getMetaData() throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Date</code> value,
   * using the given <code>Calendar</code> object.  The driver uses
   * the <code>Calendar</code> object to construct an SQL <code>DATE</code> value,
   * which the driver then sends to the database.  With
   * a <code>Calendar</code> object, the driver can calculate the date
   * taking into account a custom timezone.  If no
   * <code>Calendar</code> object is specified, the driver uses the default
   * timezone, which is that of the virtual machine running the application.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @param cal the <code>Calendar</code> object the driver will use to construct the date
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void setDate(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Date x, Calendar cal)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Time</code> value,
   * using the given <code>Calendar</code> object.  The driver uses
   * the <code>Calendar</code> object to construct an SQL <code>TIME</code> value,
   * which the driver then sends to the database.  With
   * a <code>Calendar</code> object, the driver can calculate the time
   * taking into account a custom timezone.  If no
   * <code>Calendar</code> object is specified, the driver uses the default
   * timezone, which is that of the virtual machine running the application.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @param cal the <code>Calendar</code> object the driver will use to construct the time
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void setTime(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Time x, Calendar cal)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Timestamp</code> value,
   * using the given <code>Calendar</code> object.  The driver uses
   * the <code>Calendar</code> object to construct an SQL <code>TIMESTAMP</code> value,
   * which the driver then sends to the database.  With a
   * <code>Calendar</code> object, the driver can calculate the timestamp
   * taking into account a custom timezone.  If no
   * <code>Calendar</code> object is specified, the driver uses the default
   * timezone, which is that of the virtual machine running the application.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @param cal the <code>Calendar</code> object the driver will use to construct the timestamp
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Timestamp x, Calendar cal)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to SQL <code>NULL</code>.
   * This version of the method <code>setNull</code> should
   * be used for user-defined types and REF type parameters.  Examples
   * of user-defined types include: STRUCT, DISTINCT, JAVA_OBJECT, and
   * named array types.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> To be portable, applications must give the
   * SQL type code and the fully-qualified SQL type name when specifying
   * a NULL user-defined or REF parameter.  In the case of a user-defined type
   * the name is the type name of the parameter itself.  For a REF
   * parameter, the name is the type name of the referenced type.  If
   * a JDBC driver does not need the type code or type name information,
   * it may ignore it.
   *
   * Although it is intended for user-defined and Ref parameters,
   * this method may be used to set a null parameter of any JDBC type.
   * If the parameter does not have a user-defined or REF type, the given
   * typeName is ignored.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param sqlType a value from <code>java.sql.Types</code>
   * @param typeName the fully-qualified name of an SQL user-defined type; ignored if the parameter
   * is not a user-defined type or REF
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if <code>sqlType</code> is a <code>ARRAY</code>,
   * <code>BLOB</code>, <code>CLOB</code>, <code>DATALINK</code>, <code>JAVA_OBJECT</code>,
   * <code>NCHAR</code>, <code>NCLOB</code>, <code>NVARCHAR</code>, <code>LONGNVARCHAR</code>,
   * <code>REF</code>, <code>ROWID</code>, <code>SQLXML</code> or  <code>STRUCT</code> data type and
   * the JDBC driver does not support this data type or if the JDBC driver does not support this
   * method
   * @since 1.2
   */
  void setNull(int parameterIndex, int sqlType, String typeName)
      throws SQLException;

  //------------------------- JDBC 3.0 -----------------------------------

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.net.URL</code> value.
   * The driver converts this to an SQL <code>DATALINK</code> value
   * when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the <code>java.net.URL</code> object to be set
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.4
   */
  void setURL(int parameterIndex, java.net.URL x) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Retrieves the number, types and properties of this
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> object's parameters.
   *
   * @return a <code>ParameterMetaData</code> object that contains information about the number,
   * types and properties for each parameter marker of this <code>PreparedStatement</code> object
   * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @see ParameterMetaData
   * @since 1.4
   */
  ParameterMetaData getParameterMetaData() throws SQLException;

  //------------------------- JDBC 4.0 -----------------------------------

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.RowId</code> object. The
   * driver converts this to a SQL <code>ROWID</code> value when it sends it
   * to the database
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setRowId(int parameterIndex, RowId x) throws SQLException;


  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>String</code> object.
   * The driver converts this to a SQL <code>NCHAR</code> or
   * <code>NVARCHAR</code> or <code>LONGNVARCHAR</code> value
   * (depending on the argument's
   * size relative to the driver's limits on <code>NVARCHAR</code> values)
   * when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param value the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if the driver does not support national character sets;  if the driver can detect
   * that a data conversion error could occur; if a database access error occurs; or this method is
   * called on a closed <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setNString(int parameterIndex, String value) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to a <code>Reader</code> object. The
   * <code>Reader</code> reads the data till end-of-file is reached. The
   * driver does the necessary conversion from Java character format to
   * the national character set in the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param value the parameter value
   * @param length the number of characters in the parameter data.
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if the driver does not support national character sets;  if the driver can detect
   * that a data conversion error could occur; if a database access error occurs; or this method is
   * called on a closed <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setNCharacterStream(int parameterIndex, Reader value, long length) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to a <code>java.sql.NClob</code> object. The driver converts this
   * to a SQL <code>NCLOB</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param value the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if the driver does not support national character sets;  if the driver can detect
   * that a data conversion error could occur; if a database access error occurs; or this method is
   * called on a closed <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setNClob(int parameterIndex, NClob value) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to a <code>Reader</code> object.  The reader must contain  the
   * number of characters specified by length otherwise a <code>SQLException</code> will be
   * generated when the <code>PreparedStatement</code> is executed. This method differs from the
   * <code>setCharacterStream (int, Reader, int)</code> method because it informs the driver that
   * the parameter value should be sent to the server as a <code>CLOB</code>.  When the
   * <code>setCharacterStream</code> method is used, the driver may have to do extra work to
   * determine whether the parameter data should be sent to the server as a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
   * or a <code>CLOB</code>
   *
   * @param parameterIndex index of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param reader An object that contains the data to set the parameter value to.
   * @param length the number of characters in the parameter data.
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or if the length specified is less than zero.
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setClob(int parameterIndex, Reader reader, long length)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to a <code>InputStream</code> object.  The inputstream must
   * contain  the number of characters specified by length otherwise a <code>SQLException</code>
   * will be generated when the <code>PreparedStatement</code> is executed. This method differs from
   * the <code>setBinaryStream (int, InputStream, int)</code> method because it informs the driver
   * that the parameter value should be sent to the server as a <code>BLOB</code>.  When the
   * <code>setBinaryStream</code> method is used, the driver may have to do extra work to determine
   * whether the parameter data should be sent to the server as a <code>LONGVARBINARY</code> or a
   * <code>BLOB</code>
   *
   * @param parameterIndex index of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param inputStream An object that contains the data to set the parameter value to.
   * @param length the number of bytes in the parameter data.
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>; if the length specified is less than zero or if the number of
   * bytes in the inputstream does not match the specified length.
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setBlob(int parameterIndex, InputStream inputStream, long length)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to a <code>Reader</code> object.  The reader must contain  the
   * number of characters specified by length otherwise a <code>SQLException</code> will be
   * generated when the <code>PreparedStatement</code> is executed. This method differs from the
   * <code>setCharacterStream (int, Reader, int)</code> method because it informs the driver that
   * the parameter value should be sent to the server as a <code>NCLOB</code>.  When the
   * <code>setCharacterStream</code> method is used, the driver may have to do extra work to
   * determine whether the parameter data should be sent to the server as a
   * <code>LONGNVARCHAR</code> or a <code>NCLOB</code>
   *
   * @param parameterIndex index of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param reader An object that contains the data to set the parameter value to.
   * @param length the number of characters in the parameter data.
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if the length specified is less than zero; if the driver does not support national
   * character sets; if the driver can detect that a data conversion error could occur;  if a
   * database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setNClob(int parameterIndex, Reader reader, long length)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.SQLXML</code> object.
   * The driver converts this to an
   * SQL <code>XML</code> value when it sends it to the database.
   * <p>
   *
   * @param parameterIndex index of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param xmlObject a <code>SQLXML</code> object that maps an SQL <code>XML</code> value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or the <code>java.xml.transform.Result</code>,
   * <code>Writer</code> or <code>OutputStream</code> has not been closed for the
   * <code>SQLXML</code> object
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setSQLXML(int parameterIndex, SQLXML xmlObject) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * <p>Sets the value of the designated parameter with the given object.
   *
   * If the second argument is an <code>InputStream</code> then the stream must contain
   * the number of bytes specified by scaleOrLength.  If the second argument is a
   * <code>Reader</code> then the reader must contain the number of characters specified
   * by scaleOrLength. If these conditions are not true the driver will generate a
   * <code>SQLException</code> when the prepared statement is executed.
   *
   * <p>The given Java object will be converted to the given targetSqlType
   * before being sent to the database.
   *
   * If the object has a custom mapping (is of a class implementing the
   * interface <code>SQLData</code>),
   * the JDBC driver should call the method <code>SQLData.writeSQL</code> to
   * write it to the SQL data stream.
   * If, on the other hand, the object is of a class implementing
   * <code>Ref</code>, <code>Blob</code>, <code>Clob</code>,  <code>NClob</code>,
   * <code>Struct</code>, <code>java.net.URL</code>,
   * or <code>Array</code>, the driver should pass it to the database as a
   * value of the corresponding SQL type.
   *
   * <p>Note that this method may be used to pass database-specific
   * abstract data types.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the object containing the input parameter value
   * @param targetSqlType the SQL type (as defined in java.sql.Types) to be sent to the database.
   * The scale argument may further qualify this type.
   * @param scaleOrLength for <code>java.sql.Types.DECIMAL</code> or <code>java.sql.Types.NUMERIC
   * types</code>, this is the number of digits after the decimal point. For Java Object types
   * <code>InputStream</code> and <code>Reader</code>, this is the length of the data in the stream
   * or reader.  For all other types, this value will be ignored.
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or if the Java Object specified by x is an InputStream or Reader
   * object and the value of the scale parameter is less than zero
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support the specified
   * targetSqlType
   * @see Types
   */
  void setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x, int targetSqlType, int scaleOrLength)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have
   * the specified number of bytes.
   * When a very large ASCII value is input to a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.InputStream</code>. Data will be read from the stream
   * as needed until end-of-file is reached.  The JDBC driver will
   * do any necessary conversion from ASCII to the database char format.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the Java input stream that contains the ASCII parameter value
   * @param length the number of bytes in the stream
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setAsciiStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x, long length)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have
   * the specified number of bytes.
   * When a very large binary value is input to a <code>LONGVARBINARY</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.InputStream</code> object. The data will be read from the
   * stream as needed until end-of-file is reached.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the java input stream which contains the binary parameter value
   * @param length the number of bytes in the stream
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setBinaryStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x,
      long length) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>Reader</code>
   * object, which is the given number of characters long.
   * When a very large UNICODE value is input to a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.Reader</code> object. The data will be read from the stream
   * as needed until end-of-file is reached.  The JDBC driver will
   * do any necessary conversion from UNICODE to the database char format.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param reader the <code>java.io.Reader</code> object that contains the Unicode data
   * @param length the number of characters in the stream
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setCharacterStream(int parameterIndex,
      java.io.Reader reader,
      long length) throws SQLException;
  //-----

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream.
   * When a very large ASCII value is input to a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.InputStream</code>. Data will be read from the stream
   * as needed until end-of-file is reached.  The JDBC driver will
   * do any necessary conversion from ASCII to the database char format.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   * <P><B>Note:</B> Consult your JDBC driver documentation to determine if
   * it might be more efficient to use a version of
   * <code>setAsciiStream</code> which takes a length parameter.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the Java input stream that contains the ASCII parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setAsciiStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream.
   * When a very large binary value is input to a <code>LONGVARBINARY</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.InputStream</code> object. The data will be read from the
   * stream as needed until end-of-file is reached.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   * <P><B>Note:</B> Consult your JDBC driver documentation to determine if
   * it might be more efficient to use a version of
   * <code>setBinaryStream</code> which takes a length parameter.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the java input stream which contains the binary parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setBinaryStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>Reader</code>
   * object.
   * When a very large UNICODE value is input to a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
   * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
   * <code>java.io.Reader</code> object. The data will be read from the stream
   * as needed until end-of-file is reached.  The JDBC driver will
   * do any necessary conversion from UNICODE to the database char format.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   * <P><B>Note:</B> Consult your JDBC driver documentation to determine if
   * it might be more efficient to use a version of
   * <code>setCharacterStream</code> which takes a length parameter.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param reader the <code>java.io.Reader</code> object that contains the Unicode data
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setCharacterStream(int parameterIndex,
      java.io.Reader reader) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to a <code>Reader</code> object. The
   * <code>Reader</code> reads the data till end-of-file is reached. The
   * driver does the necessary conversion from Java character format to
   * the national character set in the database.
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
   * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
   * standard interface.
   * <P><B>Note:</B> Consult your JDBC driver documentation to determine if
   * it might be more efficient to use a version of
   * <code>setNCharacterStream</code> which takes a length parameter.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param value the parameter value
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if the driver does not support national character sets;  if the driver can detect
   * that a data conversion error could occur; if a database access error occurs; or this method is
   * called on a closed <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setNCharacterStream(int parameterIndex, Reader value) throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to a <code>Reader</code> object. This method differs from the
   * <code>setCharacterStream (int, Reader)</code> method because it informs the driver that the
   * parameter value should be sent to the server as a <code>CLOB</code>.  When the
   * <code>setCharacterStream</code> method is used, the driver may have to do extra work to
   * determine whether the parameter data should be sent to the server as a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
   * or a <code>CLOB</code>
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> Consult your JDBC driver documentation to determine if it might be more
   * efficient to use a version of <code>setClob</code> which takes a length parameter.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex index of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param reader An object that contains the data to set the parameter value to.
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code>or if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in
   * the SQL statement
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setClob(int parameterIndex, Reader reader)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to a <code>InputStream</code> object. This method differs from
   * the <code>setBinaryStream (int, InputStream)</code> method because it informs the driver that
   * the parameter value should be sent to the server as a <code>BLOB</code>.  When the
   * <code>setBinaryStream</code> method is used, the driver may have to do extra work to determine
   * whether the parameter data should be sent to the server as a <code>LONGVARBINARY</code> or a
   * <code>BLOB</code>
   *
   * <P><B>Note:</B> Consult your JDBC driver documentation to determine if it might be more
   * efficient to use a version of <code>setBlob</code> which takes a length parameter.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex index of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param inputStream An object that contains the data to set the parameter value to.
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker
   * in the SQL statement,
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setBlob(int parameterIndex, InputStream inputStream)
      throws SQLException;

  /**
   * Sets the designated parameter to a <code>Reader</code> object. This method differs from the
   * <code>setCharacterStream (int, Reader)</code> method because it informs the driver that the
   * parameter value should be sent to the server as a <code>NCLOB</code>.  When the
   * <code>setCharacterStream</code> method is used, the driver may have to do extra work to
   * determine whether the parameter data should be sent to the server as a
   * <code>LONGNVARCHAR</code> or a <code>NCLOB</code> <P><B>Note:</B> Consult your JDBC driver
   * documentation to determine if it might be more efficient to use a version of
   * <code>setNClob</code> which takes a length parameter.
   *
   * @param parameterIndex index of the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param reader An object that contains the data to set the parameter value to.
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if the driver does not support national character sets; if the driver can detect
   * that a data conversion error could occur;  if a database access error occurs or this method is
   * called on a closed <code>PreparedStatement</code>
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support this method
   * @since 1.6
   */
  void setNClob(int parameterIndex, Reader reader)
      throws SQLException;

  //------------------------- JDBC 4.2 -----------------------------------

  /**
   * <p>Sets the value of the designated parameter with the given object.
   *
   * If the second argument is an {@code InputStream} then the stream
   * must contain the number of bytes specified by scaleOrLength.
   * If the second argument is a {@code Reader} then the reader must
   * contain the number of characters specified by scaleOrLength. If these
   * conditions are not true the driver will generate a
   * {@code SQLException} when the prepared statement is executed.
   *
   * <p>The given Java object will be converted to the given targetSqlType
   * before being sent to the database.
   *
   * If the object has a custom mapping (is of a class implementing the
   * interface {@code SQLData}),
   * the JDBC driver should call the method {@code SQLData.writeSQL} to
   * write it to the SQL data stream.
   * If, on the other hand, the object is of a class implementing
   * {@code Ref}, {@code Blob}, {@code Clob},  {@code NClob},
   * {@code Struct}, {@code java.net.URL},
   * or {@code Array}, the driver should pass it to the database as a
   * value of the corresponding SQL type.
   *
   * <p>Note that this method may be used to pass database-specific
   * abstract data types.
   * <P>
   * The default implementation will throw {@code SQLFeatureNotSupportedException}
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the object containing the input parameter value
   * @param targetSqlType the SQL type to be sent to the database. The scale argument may further
   * qualify this type.
   * @param scaleOrLength for {@code java.sql.JDBCType.DECIMAL} or {@code java.sql.JDBCType.NUMERIC
   * types}, this is the number of digits after the decimal point. For Java Object types {@code
   * InputStream} and {@code Reader}, this is the length of the data in the stream or reader.  For
   * all other types, this value will be ignored.
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed {@code
   * PreparedStatement}  or if the Java Object specified by x is an InputStream or Reader object and
   * the value of the scale parameter is less than zero
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support the specified
   * targetSqlType
   * @see JDBCType
   * @see SQLType
   * @since 1.8
   */
  default void setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x, SQLType targetSqlType,
      int scaleOrLength) throws SQLException {
    throw new SQLFeatureNotSupportedException("setObject not implemented");
  }

  /**
   * Sets the value of the designated parameter with the given object.
   *
   * This method is similar to {@link #setObject(int parameterIndex,
   * Object x, SQLType targetSqlType, int scaleOrLength)},
   * except that it assumes a scale of zero.
   * <P>
   * The default implementation will throw {@code SQLFeatureNotSupportedException}
   *
   * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
   * @param x the object containing the input parameter value
   * @param targetSqlType the SQL type to be sent to the database
   * @throws SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter marker in the SQL
   * statement; if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed {@code
   * PreparedStatement}
   * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support the specified
   * targetSqlType
   * @see JDBCType
   * @see SQLType
   * @since 1.8
   */
  default void setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x, SQLType targetSqlType)
      throws SQLException {
    throw new SQLFeatureNotSupportedException("setObject not implemented");
  }

  /**
   * Executes the SQL statement in this <code>PreparedStatement</code> object,
   * which must be an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement,
   * such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
   * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
   * such as a DDL statement.
   * <p>
   * This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed
   * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
   * <p>
   * The default implementation will throw {@code UnsupportedOperationException}
   *
   * @return either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements or (2) 0
   * for SQL statements that return nothing
   * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs; this method is called on a closed
   * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or the SQL statement returns a <code>ResultSet</code> object
   * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was
   * specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout} method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to
   * cancel the currently running {@code Statement}
   * @since 1.8
   */
  default long executeLargeUpdate() throws SQLException {
    throw new UnsupportedOperationException("executeLargeUpdate not implemented");
  }
}
